New Testament Jerusalem Plan
Map of Jerusalem in
First Century Israel
Jerusalem in Smith's Bible Dictionary
Jerusalem
(the habitation of peace), Jerusalem stands in latitude 31
degrees 46' 35" north and longitude 35 degrees 18' 30" east of
Greenwich. It is 32 miles distant from the sea and 18 from the
Jordan, 20 from Hebron and 36 from Samaria. "In several respects,"
says Dean Stanley, "its situation is singular among the cities of
Palestine. Its elevation is remarkable; occasioned not from its
being on the summit of one of the numerous hills of Judea, like most
of the towns and villages, but because it is on the edge of one of
the highest table-lands of the country. Hebron indeed is higher
still by some hundred feet, and from the south, accordingly (even
from Bethlehem), the approach to Jerusalem is by a slight descent.
But from any other side the ascent is perpetual; and to the
traveller approaching the city from the east or west it must always
have presented the appearance beyond any other capital of the then
known world --we may say beyond any important city that has ever
existed on the earth --of a mountain city; breathing, as compared
with the sultry plains of Jordan, a mountain air; enthroned, as
compared with jericho or Damascus, Gaza or Tyre, on a mountain
fastness."
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Jerusalem in the Bible Encyclopedia
Jerusalem
43. Reign of Herod the Great (37-4 BC):
During the reign of this great monarch Jerusalem assumed a
magnificence surpassing that of all other ages. In 24 BC the king
built his vast palace in the upper city on the southwestern hill,
near where today are the Turkish barracks and the Armenian Quarter.
He rebuilt the fortress to the North of the temple--the ancient
Baris--on a great scale with 4 lofty corner towers, and renamed it
the Antonia in honor of his patron. He celebrated games in a new
theater, and constructed a hippodrome (Jewish Wars, II, iii, 1) or
amphitheater (Antiquities, XV, viii, 1).
44. Herod's Great Buildings:
He must necessarily have strengthened and repaired the walls, but
such work was outshone by the 4 great towers which he erected,
Hippicus, Pharsel and Mariamne, near the present Jaffa Gate--the
foundations of the first two Great are supposed to be incorporated
in the present so-called "Tower of David"--and the lofty octagonal
tower, Psephinus, farther to the Northwest. The development of
Herod's plans for the reconstruction of the temple was commenced in
19 BC, but they were not completed till 64 AD (Jn 2:20; Mt 24:1,2;
Lk 21:5,6). The sanctuary itself was built by 1,000 specially
trained priests within a space of 18 months (11-10 BC). The
conception was magnificent, and resulted in a mass of buildings of
size and beauty far surpassing anything that had stood there before.
Practically all the remains of the foundations of the
temple-enclosure now surviving in connection with the Charam belong
to this period. In 4 BC--the year of the Nativity--occurred the
disturbances following upon the destruction of the Golden Eagle
which Herod had erected over the great gate of the temple, and
shortly afterward Herod died, having previously shut up many of the
leading Jews in the hippodrome with orders that they should be slain
when he passed away (Jewish Wars, I, xxxiii, 6). The accession of
Archelaus was signalized by Passover riots which ended in the death
of 3,000, an after-result of the affair of the Golden Eagle.
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The Bible Mentions Much Concerning "Jerusalem"
Isaiah 40:9 - O Zion, that bringest good tidings, get thee up into the high mountain; O Jerusalem, that bringest good tidings, lift up thy voice with strength; lift [it] up, be not afraid; say unto the cities of Judah, Behold your God!
Ezra 6:3 - In the first
year of Cyrus the king [the same] Cyrus the king made a decree
[concerning] the house of God at Jerusalem, Let the
house be builded, the place where they offered sacrifices, and let
the foundations thereof be strongly laid; the height thereof
threescore cubits, [and] the breadth thereof threescore cubits;
1 Kings
12:27 - If this people go up to do sacrifice in the house of
the LORD at Jerusalem, then shall the heart of this
people turn again unto their lord, [even] unto Rehoboam king of
Judah, and they shall kill me, and go again to Rehoboam king of
Judah.
Zechariah
3:2 - And the LORD said unto Satan, The LORD rebuke thee, O
Satan; even the LORD that hath chosen Jerusalem rebuke
thee: [is] not this a brand plucked out of the fire?
Jeremiah
44:9 - Have ye forgotten the wickedness of your fathers, and
the wickedness of the kings of Judah, and the wickedness of their
wives, and your own wickedness, and the wickedness of your wives,
which they have committed in the land of Judah, and in the streets
of Jerusalem?
2 Kings
12:18 - And Jehoash king of Judah took all the hallowed
things that Jehoshaphat, and Jehoram, and Ahaziah, his fathers,
kings of Judah, had dedicated, and his own hallowed things, and all
the gold [that was] found in the treasures of the house of the LORD,
and in the king's house, and sent [it] to Hazael king of Syria: and
he went away from Jerusalem.
Lamentations 2:13 - What thing shall I take to witness for
thee? what thing shall I liken to thee, O daughter of
Jerusalem? what shall I equal to thee, that I may comfort
thee, O virgin daughter of Zion? for thy breach [is] great like the
sea: who can heal thee?
2 Kings
19:21 - This [is] the word that the LORD hath spoken
concerning him; The virgin the daughter of Zion hath despised thee,
[and] laughed thee to scorn; the daughter of Jerusalem
hath shaken her head at thee.
Isaiah
37:22 - This [is] the word which the LORD hath spoken
concerning him; The virgin, the daughter of Zion, hath despised
thee, [and] laughed thee to scorn; the daughter of Jerusalem
hath shaken her head at thee.
Jeremiah
24:1 - The LORD shewed me, and, behold, two baskets of figs
[were] set before the temple of the LORD, after that Nebuchadrezzar
king of Babylon had carried away captive Jeconiah the son of
Jehoiakim king of Judah, and the princes of Judah, with the
carpenters and smiths, from Jerusalem, and had brought
them to Babylon.
1
Chronicles 29:27 - And the time that he reigned over Israel
[was] forty years; seven years reigned he in Hebron, and thirty and
three [years] reigned he in Jerusalem.
Zechariah 14:4 - And his feet shall stand in that day upon
the mount of Olives, which [is] before Jerusalem on
the east, and the mount of Olives shall cleave in the midst thereof
toward the east and toward the west, [and there shall be] a very
great valley; and half of the mountain shall remove toward the
north, and half of it toward the south.
Isaiah
66:20 - And they shall bring all your brethren [for] an
offering unto the LORD out of all nations upon horses, and in
chariots, and in litters, and upon mules, and upon swift beasts, to
my holy mountain Jerusalem, saith the LORD, as the
children of Israel bring an offering in a clean vessel into the
house of the LORD.
1 Kings
10:26 - And Solomon gathered together chariots and horsemen:
and he had a thousand and four hundred chariots, and twelve thousand
horsemen, whom he bestowed in the cities for chariots, and with the
king at Jerusalem.
1
Chronicles 28:1 - And David assembled all the princes of
Israel, the princes of the tribes, and the captains of the companies
that ministered to the king by course, and the captains over the
thousands, and captains over the hundreds, and the stewards over all
the substance and possession of the king, and of his sons, with the
officers, and with the mighty men, and with all the valiant men,
unto Jerusalem.
2 Samuel
5:5 - In Hebron he reigned over Judah seven years and six
months: and in Jerusalem he reigned thirty and three
years over all Israel and Judah.
Jeremiah
52:13 - And burned the house of the LORD, and the king's
house; and all the houses of Jerusalem, and all the
houses of the great [men], burned he with fire:
Joshua 15:8
- And the border went up by the valley of the son of Hinnom unto the
south side of the Jebusite; the same [is] Jerusalem:
and the border went up to the top of the mountain that [lieth]
before the valley of Hinnom westward, which [is] at the end of the
valley of the giants northward:
2 Kings
25:8 - And in the fifth month, on the seventh [day] of the
month, which [is] the nineteenth year of king Nebuchadnezzar king of
Babylon, came Nebuzaradan, captain of the guard, a servant of the
king of Babylon, unto Jerusalem:
1 Kings
2:11 - And the days that David reigned over Israel [were]
forty years: seven years reigned he in Hebron, and thirty and three
years reigned he in Jerusalem.
2 Samuel
24:16 - And when the angel stretched out his hand upon
Jerusalem to destroy it, the LORD repented him of the
evil, and said to the angel that destroyed the people, It is enough:
stay now thine hand. And the angel of the LORD was by the
threshingplace of Araunah the Jebusite.
Ezra 5:17
- Now therefore, if [it seem] good to the king, let there be search
made in the king's treasure house, which [is] there at Babylon,
whether it be [so], that a decree was made of Cyrus the king to
build this house of God at Jerusalem, and let the king
send his pleasure to us concerning this matter.
Ecclesiastes 1:16 - I communed with mine own heart, saying,
Lo, I am come to great estate, and have gotten more wisdom than all
[they] that have been before me in Jerusalem: yea, my
heart had great experience of wisdom and knowledge.
2 Samuel
10:14 - And when the children of Ammon saw that the Syrians
were fled, then fled they also before Abishai, and entered into the
city. So Joab returned from the children of Ammon, and came to
Jerusalem.
Ezekiel
17:12 - Say now to the rebellious house, Know ye not what
these [things mean]? tell [them], Behold, the king of Babylon is
come to Jerusalem, and hath taken the king thereof,
and the princes thereof, and led them with him to Babylon;
1 Kings
14:21 - And Rehoboam the son of Solomon reigned in Judah.
Rehoboam [was] forty and one years old when he began to reign, and
he reigned seventeen years in Jerusalem, the city
which the LORD did choose out of all the tribes of Israel, to put
his name there. And his mother's name [was] Naamah an Ammonitess.
2 Kings
23:5 - And he put down the idolatrous priests, whom the
kings of Judah had ordained to burn incense in the high places in
the cities of Judah, and in the places round about Jerusalem;
them also that burned incense unto Baal, to the sun, and to the
moon, and to the planets, and to all the host of heaven.
2
Chronicles 34:3 - For in the eighth year of his reign, while
he was yet young, he began to seek after the God of David his
father: and in the twelfth year he began to purge Judah and
Jerusalem from the high places, and the groves, and the
carved images, and the molten images.
Jeremiah
17:26 - And they shall come from the cities of Judah, and
from the places about Jerusalem, and from the land of
Benjamin, and from the plain, and from the mountains, and from the
south, bringing burnt offerings, and sacrifices, and meat offerings,
and incense, and bringing sacrifices of praise, unto the house of
the LORD.
Nehemiah
13:19 - And it came to pass, that when the gates of
Jerusalem began to be dark before the sabbath, I commanded
that the gates should be shut, and charged that they should not be
opened till after the sabbath: and [some] of my servants set I at
the gates, [that] there should no burden be brought in on the
sabbath day.